RAC installation:
1. Initially, the Sun team would have finished he clustering between two nodes. This is to ensure that the number of nodes are correct in the installation. You can always add extra nodes to a server. A cluster needs to be setup between the n number of nodes, we will be using. By nodes, here I mean only database nodes.
2. Stage the Oracle Database installation products. It is just a copy command of all the files present here.
3. Installation of Oracle Home:
Here we are installing only the home and not the database. It's because, the basic setup of RAC illustrates a shared storage device which would house all the database files, redo log files, control files and the SP file. The listener specific files and the archivelog files would be present in the specific servers as they are instance specific.
4. In the installation of the home, select "Customised" in the Database configuration.
5. There occurs an entry for the Shared Configuration file.
Here we need to create a file of the name "para_raw_device_file" which would contain the details of all the volume manager of all the dbf files, redo log files, control files and the spfile. Entries would look like this.
rbs03=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/rbs03
temp10=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/temp10
cntrl01=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/cntrl01
cntrl02=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/cntrl02
cntrl03=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/cntrl03
spfile=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/spfile
6. /dev/vx/rdsk/racdg would be the path in the RAW device. This is set up by the hardware team, who would be configuring the RAW device. Here the main idea is to ensure a faster operation of the servers as no file system is mounted on the RAW device. And importantly, before we copy the files to the RAW device, we should have a count of the database files, redo log files and the control files and create them in the RAW device using Veritas Volume Manager. The size of the data files need to pre-determined and then they should be created prior to moving the datafiles to RAW. Another important aspect is that, any file which is going to be present in the RAW device will not have any file extension.
7. So system01.dbf would be system01 and cntrl01.ctl would be cntrl01
8. Now the OUI takes you to listener configuration and the port pool selection. We finish thses processes here and proceed on towards the Manual database creation using dbca.
rdsk contains files of the format
crw------- 1 oracle dba 295, 91019 Oct 10 21:29 system01
crw------- 1 oracle dba 295, 91021 Oct 10 21:29 system02
crw------- 1 oracle dba 295, 91022 Oct 10 21:29 system03
and /dev/vx/dsk contains files of the format
brw------- 1 root root 295, 15000 Sep 8 19:05 archlog
Sun cluster is used to manage clusters between two nodes, while Oracle Cluster is used to manage clusters between two Oracle Instances.
GSD configuration:
Global Services Daemon
go to Oracle home/ bin
$ gsdctl start
Go to the ORacle home/bin and give
$./dbca –datafileDestination /dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/
Now we need to select the Oracle CLuster database.
Dedicated or Shared Server (MTS) - ????
RAC Steps
Preparing for the installation of RAC
Configure the shared disks
Create the directory /var/opt/oracle and set ownership to the oracle user.
If this installation creates the first ORACLE_HOME on your cluster for Real Application Clusters, then set the SRVM_SHARED_CONFIG environment variable to the name of the 100MB volume raw device or shared file that you have pre-created and set up for configuration storage by entering, for example:
setenv SRVM_SHARED_CONFIG shared_filename
Where shared_filename is the name of the configuration raw device file. If you are using a cluster file system, then make sure the partition on which this file resides has least 100MB of free space.
Set the DBCA_RAW_CONFIG environment variable. Do this, for example, by executing the following where filename is the name of the ASCII file containing the configuration information:
setenv DBCA_RAW_CONFIG filename
If this is the first installation on your cluster and you have not set the environment variable, then the Installer prompts you for the name of the 100MB file by displaying the Shared Configuration File Name page
$cd /var/opt/oracle
$ cat srvConfig.loc
srvconfig_loc=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/rac_srvconfig_100m
$ SRVM_SHARED_CONFIG=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/rac_srvconfig_100m
$ export SRVM_SHARED_CONFIG
$DBCA_RAW_CONFIG=para_raw_device_file
$export DBCA_RAW_CONFIG
$ DISPLAY=172.16.1.72:0.0
$ export DISPLAY
srvconfig_loc=/var/opt/oracle/srvConfig.loc
root@cmwdb1 # ./orainstRoot.sh
Creating Oracle Inventory pointer file (/var/opt/oracle/oraInst.loc)
Changing groupname of /oracle/oraInventory to dba.
Establish system environment variables
Ø Set a local bin directory in the user's PATH, such as /usr/local/bin, or /opt/bin. It is necessary to have execute permissions on this directory.
Ø Set the DISPLAY variable to point to the system's (from where you will run OUI) IP address, or name, X server, and screen.
Ø Set a temporary directory path for TMPDIR with at least 20 Mb of free space to which the OUI has write permission.
$ set
CLASSPATH=/oracle/9.2.3/JRE:/oracle/9.2.3/jlib:/oracle/9.2.3/rdbms/jlib:/oracle/
9.2.3/network/jlib
DBCA_RAW_CONFIG=para_raw_device_file
DISPLAY=172.16.1.72:0.0
HOME=/oracle/9.2.3
HZ=
IFS=
LANG=C
LOGNAME=oracle
MAIL=/var/mail/oracle
MAILCHECK=600
NLS_DATE_FORMAT=DD-MON-RR
NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.US7ASCII
NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTER=.,
NLS_SORT=binary
OPTIND=1
ORACLE_BASE=/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/9.2.3
ORACLE_TERM=xterm
ORA_NLS33=/oracle/9.2.3/ocommon/nls/admin/data
PATH=/oracle/9.2.3/bin:/usr:/usr/bin:/usr/lib:/etc:/usr/ucb
PS1=$
PS2=>
SHELL=/bin/sh
SRVM_SHARED_CONFIG=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/rac_srvconfig_100m
TERM=dtterm
TZ=Asia/Calcutta
Set the /etc/system files.
Kernel Parameter Setting Purpose
SHMMAX 4294967295 Maximum allowable size of one shared memory segment (4 Gb)
SHMMIN 1 Minimum allowable size of a single shared memory segment.
SHMMNI 100 Maximum number of shared memory segments in the entire system.
SHMSEG 10 Maximum number of shared memory segments one process can attach.
SEMMNI 1024 Maximum number of semaphore sets in the entire system.
SEMMSL 500 Minimum recommended value. SEMMSL should be 10 plus the largest PROCESSES parameter of any Oracle database on the system.
SEMMNS 1024 Maximum semaphores on the system. This setting is a minimum recommended value. SEMMNS should be set to the sum of the PROCESSES parameter for each Oracle database, add the largest one twice, plus add an additional 10 for each database.
SEMOPM 100 Maximum number of operations per semop call.
SEMVMX 32767 Maximum value of a semaphore.
(swap space) xx MB Two to four times your system's physical memory size.
set md:mirrored_root_flag=1
set shmsys:shminfo_shmmax=4294967295
set shmsys:shminfo_shmmin=200
set shmsys:shminfo_shmmni=200
set shmsys:shminfo_shmseg=200
set semsys:seminfo_semmsl=2048
set semsys:seminfo_semmns=2048
set semsys:seminfo_semopm=100
set semsys:seminfo_semvmx=32767
set semsys:seminfo_semmni=2048
set semsys:seminfo_semmap=1024
set semsys:seminfo_semmnu=2048
set semsys:seminfo_semume=200
root@cmwdb1 # cat /oracle/9.2.3/para_raw_device_file
system=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/system
spfile=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/spfile
users=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/users
temp=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/temp
undotbs1=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/undotbs1
undotbs2=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/undotbs2
example=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/example
cwmlite=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/cwmlite
indx=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/indx
tools=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/tools
drsys=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/drsys
control01=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/controlfile1
control02=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/controlfile2
redo1_1=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/log11
redo1_2=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/log12
redo2_1=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/log21
redo2_2=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/log22
Configuring the existing system to RAC... Follow 279956.1 Metalink note.
Pre Clone existing database and Apps server.
DBTier
1. perl adpreclone.pl dbTier
AppsTier
2. perl adpreclone.pl appsTier
Then Copy datafile and Apps file to target node.
=======================================
Post clone Target database
dbTier
1. perl adcfgclone.pl dbTier
appsTier
2. perl adcfgclone.pl appsTier
Take backup control file to trace
sql> alter database backup controlfile to trace
Then copy the datafile to RAW device.
1. Before coping you need to create volume manager on RAW Device.
eg
dd if=/cmwdb1/cmwproddata/system01.dbf of=/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/system01 bs=8192
2. after coping the datafile, Recreate the controlfile on oracle new home.
new home(9.2.3)
old home(9.2.0.3)
eg,
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE SET DATABASE CMWPROD RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
-- SET STANDBY TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
MAXDATAFILES 500
MAXINSTANCES 1
MAXLOGHISTORY 2722
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 (
'/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/log01a',
'/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/log01b'
) SIZE 20M,
GROUP 2 (
'/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/log02a',
'/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/log02b'
) SIZE 20M,
GROUP 3 (
'/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/log03a',
'/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/log03b'
) SIZE 20M
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/system01',
'/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/system02',
'/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/system03',
'/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/system04',
'/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/system05',
'/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/ctxd01',
'/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/owad01',
'/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/applsysd01',
'/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/applsysx01',
========================================
database startup
Then,
Copy the appsutil, oui21, appsoui to new home.
verify metalink 165195.1
1. Then run adbldxml.sh /oraclehome/appsutil/bin
2. run adconfig.sh
3. Goto apps tier and run admkappsutil.pl scripts
4. copy appstil.zip to Oracle home
5. unzip appsutil.zip
6. perl adpreclone.pl database
7. perl adcfgclone.pl database
Database one instance created.
You run the same steps to another node:
======================================
zip the appsutil folder in new oracle home 1 and copy to the second node
> perl adcfgclone.pl database
40% error occur
you need to configure thread2
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 2
GROUP 4 ( '/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/log4a', '/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/log4b' ) SIZE 20M,
GROUP 5 ( '/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/log5a', '/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/log5b' ) SIZE 20M,
GROUP 6 ( '/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/log6a', '/dev/vx/rdsk/racdg/log6b' ) SIZE 20M;
ALTER DATABASE ENABLE PUBLIC THREAD 2;
========================================
Again you run
$perl adcfgclone.pl database
=========================================
Now you need configure listener file and tnsnames file.
=========================================
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